1. Diving Suits
Engineer Charles Deane adapted the "smoke helmet" he designed for firefighting for diving, creating the first diving suit. In 1837, Augustus Siebe designed the first fully enclosed diving suit. In the 1860s, divers could reachdepths of 61 meters, while today they can reach depths of 300 meters.
2. Lighthouses
The earliest known lighthouse is the Pharos of Alexandria, built in the 3rd century BC in the city of Alexandria, Egypt, and standing approximately 100-130 meters high. The Pharos of Alexandria is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
3. Mariner's Lanterns
English inventor Frederick Albert, with his portable gas lamps developed in 1817, ensured the safety of sailors in nighttime and challenging weather conditions, and emerged as a significant innovation.
4. Anchors
The earliest anchors date back to around 2000 BCE and were typically made of stones. Ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Phoenicians, and Greeks, who were advanced in navigation, used anchors to secure ships to the seabed and control their direction.
5. Ropes
Around 1500 BC, Ancient Egyptians used ropes made from natural fibers to control the sails on ships in the Nile River. During the Middle Ages, hemp became the standard material for ropes, while today, synthetic materials have significantly enhanced the durability and efficiency of ropes.
6. Bells
Ship bells have been used since the 17th century and have served as important tools on ships for timekeeping, issuing warning signals, and various emergency situations.
